The discipline designator

The letter at the front names the discipline that produced the sheet, and therefore whose scope the answer lives in. That is the fastest way to narrow a search: a footing size is structural, a duct size is mechanical, a setback is civil, and none of those questions belongs on an architectural sheet even though the geometry may appear there as a background.

The designators in common US use. A small project uses a handful; a hospital uses most of them.
LetterDisciplineWhat it holds
GGeneralCover sheet, sheet index, symbols legend, abbreviations, general notes, code information.
CCivilSite plan, grading, drainage, paving, site utilities, erosion control.
LLandscapePlanting, hard landscape and irrigation, on projects large enough to need them.
SStructuralFoundations, framing plans, structural sections and details, structural notes and schedules.
AArchitecturalFloor plans, ceiling plans, elevations, sections, wall sections, details, schedules.
IInteriorsFurniture, finishes and interior detail, where they are separated from the architectural set.
QEquipmentOwner supplied and specialist equipment layouts, such as kitchen or laboratory fit out.
FFire protectionSprinkler and standpipe layouts, alarm devices where they are not on the electrical set.
PPlumbingSupply and drainage plans, fixture schedules, riser diagrams.
MMechanicalDuctwork, equipment, controls, mechanical schedules and details.
EElectricalPower, lighting, home runs, panel schedules, single line diagrams.
TTelecommunicationsData, voice and audio visual pathways and outlets.

The sheet type digit

The first digit after the letter says what kind of drawing the sheet holds, and the order runs from far away to close up: general information, then plans, then elevations, then sections, then large scale views, then details. Schedules and diagrams sit at the end because they are tables rather than drawings.

The type digit. The digits after it are a sequence and carry no meaning of their own.
DigitTypeWhat it holds
0GeneralNotes, legends, schedules of general application and code information for that discipline.
1PlansHorizontal views: floor plans, roof plans, foundation and framing plans, site plans.
2ElevationsVertical views with nothing cut, exterior and interior.
3SectionsBuilding and wall sections, where the drawing cuts through the building.
4Large scale viewsEnlarged plans, enlarged elevations and enlarged sections of a part of the building.
5DetailsAssemblies and joints at a large scale, usually with hatch doing most of the naming.
6Schedules and diagramsDoor, window, room finish, equipment and panel schedules, and riser diagrams.
7User definedWhatever a project needs that the other categories do not cover.
8User definedA second category available to a project for the same reason.
9Three dimensionalIsometric, axonometric and perspective views, where a set includes them.

The Millbrook set as a worked example

The sixteen sheets below are the set used throughout this site. Read the number of each one before you read its title and you will find that the title rarely surprises you. That is the test of whether you have the convention: the number should be a prediction, and the title should confirm it.

Millbrook Branch Library, an invented two storey library used here for teaching.
SheetReads asTitle
G-001General, generalCover Sheet, Sheet Index, Project Data
G-002General, generalSymbols, Abbreviations and General Notes
C-101Civil, plansSite Plan
A-101Architectural, plansLevel 1 Floor Plan
A-102Architectural, plansLevel 2 Floor Plan
A-121Architectural, plansLevel 1 Reflected Ceiling Plan
A-201Architectural, elevationsExterior Elevations
A-301Architectural, sectionsBuilding Sections
A-401Architectural, large scale viewsWall Sections and Details
A-501Architectural, detailsEnlarged Plans and Interior Elevations
A-601Architectural, schedules and diagramsDoor, Window and Room Finish Schedules
S-101Structural, plansFoundation Plan
S-201Structural, elevationsLevel 2 Framing Plan
M-101Mechanical, plansLevel 1 Mechanical Plan
P-101Plumbing, plansLevel 1 Plumbing Plan
E-101Electrical, plansLevel 1 Power and Lighting Plan

Where the convention bends

Offices vary. Some sets use two digits for the type on very large projects, some prefix a level or a building designation, and renovation sets often carry a demolition series of their own. The sheet index on the cover is always the authority on what a given set actually contains, and where a project defines its own numbering it says so on a general sheet.

One rule is close to universal: a sheet number is not renumbered after a set is issued. Doing so would invalidate every callout, submittal and record that referenced it. A sheet added late takes the next number in its own series, and the index is reissued to record it.